
<table style="text-align:center"><caption><strong>Table X27. Additional results: special autonomy arrangements vs. state-wide arrangements.</strong></caption>
<tr><td colspan="5" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td colspan="2">Civil violence (group)</td><td>Communal violence</td><td>Communal violence</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>Maj. (model A92)</td><td>Min. (model A93)</td><td>Maj./min. dyad (model A94)</td><td>Maj./min. dyad (model A95)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="5" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Territorial autonomy (special)</td><td>0.099</td><td>-1.310</td><td>2.013<sup>**</sup></td><td>0.957</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.587)</td><td>(0.814)</td><td>(0.741)</td><td>(0.710)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Territorial autonomy (state-wide)</td><td>-1.617<sup>*</sup></td><td>-1.201<sup>*</sup></td><td>0.411</td><td>-0.534</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.650)</td><td>(0.538)</td><td>(0.749)</td><td>(0.690)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Territorial autonomy (special) x included/excluded</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2.161<sup>**</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>(0.703)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Territorial autonomy (state-wide) x included/excluded</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2.412<sup>***</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>(0.600)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Included</td><td>-1.157<sup>***</sup></td><td>-0.422</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.297)</td><td>(0.415)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Included/excluded</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.028</td><td>-0.751<sup>†</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(0.432)</td><td>(0.434)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Excluded/excluded</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.560</td><td>0.620</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(0.504)</td><td>(0.455)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (state)</td><td>0.539</td><td>2.093</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(1.025)</td><td>(1.293)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (state, mean)</td><td></td><td></td><td>2.178</td><td>2.272</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(1.911)</td><td>(1.987)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (state, diff.)</td><td></td><td></td><td>-0.487</td><td>-0.569</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(0.872)</td><td>(0.933)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (unit)</td><td>0.281</td><td>3.081<sup>***</sup></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.534)</td><td>(0.930)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (unit, mean)</td><td></td><td></td><td>2.018<sup>*</sup></td><td>1.997<sup>†</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(1.030)</td><td>(1.090)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (unit, diff.)</td><td></td><td></td><td>-0.956<sup>**</sup></td><td>-0.887<sup>*</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(0.333)</td><td>(0.345)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Asymmetry</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.313</td><td>0.324</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(0.301)</td><td>(0.296)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Population (unit, logged)</td><td>0.381<sup>***</sup></td><td>0.253<sup>**</sup></td><td>0.254<sup>*</sup></td><td>0.269<sup>*</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.086)</td><td>(0.096)</td><td>(0.120)</td><td>(0.121)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Area (unit, logged)</td><td>-0.005</td><td>0.111</td><td>0.415<sup>**</sup></td><td>0.406<sup>**</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.086)</td><td>(0.132)</td><td>(0.144)</td><td>(0.142)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Avg. ruggedness (unit)</td><td>0.0005</td><td>0.001</td><td>0.00001</td><td>0.0001</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.001)</td><td>(0.001)</td><td>(0.001)</td><td>(0.001)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Oil in unit</td><td>0.442</td><td>0.696<sup>*</sup></td><td>0.968<sup>†</sup></td><td>0.924<sup>†</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.515)</td><td>(0.298)</td><td>(0.541)</td><td>(0.537)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Distance capital (unit, logged)</td><td>-0.051</td><td>0.154</td><td>-0.047</td><td>-0.053</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.146)</td><td>(0.166)</td><td>(0.195)</td><td>(0.194)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Distance border (unit, logged)</td><td>-0.213<sup>**</sup></td><td>-0.097</td><td>-0.178<sup>†</sup></td><td>-0.158<sup>†</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.080)</td><td>(0.111)</td><td>(0.096)</td><td>(0.094)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">GDP pc. (logged)</td><td>-0.448<sup>**</sup></td><td>-0.830<sup>***</sup></td><td>-0.378</td><td>-0.313</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.169)</td><td>(0.222)</td><td>(0.241)</td><td>(0.248)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Population (state, logged)</td><td>0.106</td><td>-0.198</td><td>-0.024</td><td>-0.009</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.135)</td><td>(0.132)</td><td>(0.216)</td><td>(0.217)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Democracy</td><td>0.179</td><td>-1.476<sup>*</sup></td><td>0.364</td><td>0.396</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.745)</td><td>(0.682)</td><td>(0.561)</td><td>(0.558)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Ethnic fractionalization</td><td>0.266</td><td>0.145</td><td>1.072</td><td>1.053</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.972)</td><td>(1.330)</td><td>(1.165)</td><td>(1.124)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Election year</td><td>-0.553<sup>†</sup></td><td>0.361</td><td>0.237</td><td>0.268</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.290)</td><td>(0.337)</td><td>(0.225)</td><td>(0.219)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Civil violence peace years</td><td>-0.518<sup>***</sup></td><td>-0.480<sup>***</sup></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.109)</td><td>(0.123)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Civil violence peace years 2</td><td>0.030<sup>**</sup></td><td>0.024<sup>†</sup></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.011)</td><td>(0.012)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Civil violence peace years 3</td><td>-0.001<sup>*</sup></td><td>-0.0003</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.0003)</td><td>(0.0003)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Civil violence spatial lag</td><td>0.876<sup>***</sup></td><td>1.289<sup>*</sup></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.258)</td><td>(0.512)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Communal violence peace years</td><td></td><td></td><td>-0.245<sup>***</sup></td><td>-0.234<sup>**</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(0.074)</td><td>(0.076)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Communal violence peace years 2</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.013</td><td>0.012</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(0.010)</td><td>(0.010)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Communal violence peace years 3</td><td></td><td></td><td>-0.0003</td><td>-0.0003</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(0.0003)</td><td>(0.0003)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Communal violence spatial lag</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.999<sup>**</sup></td><td>0.976<sup>**</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(0.386)</td><td>(0.378)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Constant</td><td>1.636</td><td>1.556</td><td>-22.987<sup>***</sup></td><td>-23.763<sup>***</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(2.245)</td><td>(2.249)</td><td>(3.027)</td><td>(3.195)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">N</td><td>26,082</td><td>152,377</td><td>203,208</td><td>203,208</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Log Likelihood</td><td>-1,085.012</td><td>-1,516.540</td><td>-1,550.421</td><td>-1,535.926</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">AIC</td><td>2,282.023</td><td>3,145.080</td><td>3,220.841</td><td>3,195.852</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="5" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="5" style="text-align:left">† p<0.1; * p<0.05; ** p<0.01; *** p<0.001; country-clustered SE’s in parentheses; maj. = second-order majority; min. = second-order minority.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="5" style="text-align:left">The dependent variable is a binary variable equal to one if there is at least one instance of civil/communal violence involving a group/dyad in a given unit.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="5" style="text-align:left">Region- and year-fixed effects included but not reported.</td></tr>
</table>
